A growing population's desire for agricultural output and the effects of global climate change necessitates initiatives that promote resource efficiency and sustainable development which can be achieved utilizing a holistic approach through the WEF Nexus framework. Circular agricultural practices including producing bioenergy and reusing water may be viable solutions to reduce the pressures on the components of WEF Nexus. This study aims to utilize the potential of circular agriculture strategies to promote water, food, and energy security in Türkiye under the WEF NEXUS framework through a multidimensional evaluation of resources to support policy and decision-making. This study evaluates the potential of circular agriculture in Türkiye through water reuse for irrigation of crops and bioenergy generation from agricultural residues for eighty-one provinces of Türkiye. Additionally, the identification of priority areas for water reuse practices was determined by developing the Circular Agriculture Priority Assessment (CAPA) indice. It has been found that the country-wide annual volume of irrigation water demand is 23,395 hm3, and around 12% of the irrigation water demand can be met by utilization of treated domestic water, where most of this water is used to irrigate low-risk crops. Results showed that the bioenergy generation potential of agricultural residues of Türkiye is 12,908,772 MWh annually, where installed capacity only corresponded to 0.003% of this potential. The CAPA Indice results were aligned with local stakeholder interviews. These findings provide insights into how, as part of the WEF Nexus, circular agricultural practices may be used to promote resource security in Türkiye.
