Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) is a strategy increasingly used to manage runoff in cities. In addition to stormwater management, GSI also has the potential to provide other ecosystem services; however, there is limited measurement of these other functions of interest, such as microclimate regulation, carbon sequestration, and cultural services. We have focused on GSI in Lancaster, PA, conducting fieldwork to gain insights into the effectiveness of GSI in providing multiple ecosystem benefits. Data has been collected at 20 bioswales, representing various sizes, ages, and vegetation characteristics; several lawns and parking lots were used as references. Here we will present insights from selected measured functions. Infiltration data was collected using a mini-disk infiltrometer. Soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil carbon and metals accumulation, and soil greenhouse gases were measured. Micro-climate characteristics were quantified using a portable heat stress sensor to calculate mean radiant temperature (MRT), which is a metric relevant to human heat stress. Additional data is being collected on vegetation diversity and cultural services. Preliminary data analysis substantial variability in infiltration rates. Soils data reveals that metals like zinc are being retained in the GSI inlet soils, facilitating water quality improvement. Soil carbon accumulation patterns are less clear. Micro-climate analysis indicates that GSI without trees do not demonstrate clear reductions in heat levels; however, GSI with trees and associated shade led to lower MRT levels. We hope that this study will help generate insights on some of the lesser-understood co-benefits of GSI in addition to primary stormwater management benefits.
